2026-09-21 · KeXinMaterials 编辑团队

ITAR 1205.4 USML-Exportkontrolle + Schutzkoffer B2B-Compliance-Leitfaden

ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations) kontrolliert den Export von Verteidigungsgütern und -dienstleistungen aus den USA. USML (US-Munitionsliste) kategorisiert Verteidigungsgüter. ITAR 1205.4 regelt Exportlizenzverfahren. Für B2B-Verteidigungsschutzkoffer mit Elektronik kann ITAR-Compliance erforderlich sein.

ITAR Scope + Structure

ITAR is part of US Arms Export Control Act (AECA). Implemented at 22 CFR 120-130. Categorized in 21 USML categories.

AECA: Arms Export Control Act (22 USC 2751). US law authorizing control of defense articles + services. 1976 (latest amendment 2024).

ITAR: International Traffic in Arms Regulations. Implementing regulations under AECA. 22 CFR 120-130 (Parts 120-130).

ITAR Sections: 120 (purpose / definitions) + 121 (USML) + 122 (registration / licensing) + 124 (agreements) + 125 (licenses) + 126 (general policies) + 127 (violations / enforcement) + 128 (administrative procedures) + 129 (registration / registration fees) + 130 (technology transfer).

USML: US Munitions List. 21 categories covering defense articles. USML Categories I-XXI + miscellaneous.

USML Category I: Firearms. Category II: Artillery. Category III: Ammunition. Category IV: Launch vehicles / missiles / rockets.

USML Category V: Explosives. Category VI: Surface vessels. Category VII: Ground vehicles. Category VIII: Aircraft (relevant to military aircraft protective cases).

USML Category IX: Training equipment. Category X: Personnel protective equipment. Category XI: Military electronics. Category XII: Sensors / fire control.

USML Category XIII: Auxiliary military equipment. Category XIV: Toxicological agents. Category XVI: Nuclear weapons.

USML Category XVII: Classified articles. Category XVIII: Directed energy weapons. Category XIX: Gas turbine engines. Category XX: Naval nuclear propulsion. Category XXI: Articles not otherwise enumerated.

Geographic: ITAR applies to US origin articles + services + technology. Also applies to foreign nationals with access to US defense articles.

B2B relevance: For US DoD / NATO / allied defense protective cases, ITAR compliance may apply if case contains US origin electronics, components, or technology.

ITAR Registration + Manufacturer Code

ITAR registration required for organizations manufacturing / exporting defense articles. Manufacturer code assigned at registration.

ITAR registration: Required per 22 CFR 122.1 for any person (US or foreign) who manufactures / exports / imports defense articles on USML.

Registration application: Form DS-2032 submitted to US Department of State Directorate of Defense Trade Controls (DDTC).

Registration fee: USD 2,500 per year (2025). Renewal annually. Valid 12 months from date of registration.

Manufacturer code: Assigned by DDTC at registration. Format: M-XXXXX. Listed on all ITAR export documents + commodity cases.

ITAR registrant database: Public search at https://www.pmddtc.state.gov/databases/reg_data.asp. Verify supplier ITAR registration.

Eligibility: US person (citizen / national / lawful permanent resident). Foreign person can register through US subsidiary + US agent.

Foreign person definition: Non-US citizen + non-US permanent resident + non-US entity. Subject to ITAR for US defense articles.

Registration requirements: (1) US person status. (2) No debarment / suspension. (3) Compliance with AECA + ITAR. (4) Designated US agent for foreign persons.

Documentation: Form DS-2032 + supporting docs + registration fee + agent designation (foreign persons).

Validity: 12 months. Renewal required annually 60 days before expiry.

B2B procurement: Verify supplier ITAR registration via DDTC database. Request copy of manufacturer code certificate.

Common B2B mistake: Using ITAR-restricted component without verifying ITAR registration. Penalty: Up to USD 1M per violation + 10 years prison.

Export Licensing + DSP

ITAR export licensing per 22 CFR 125. DSP-5 (permanent) + DSP-73 (temporary) + DSP-61 (transient) licenses.

DSP-5: Permanent export license. Standard license for ongoing defense trade. Reviewed by DDTC.

DSP-73: Temporary export license. For temporary export with return to US. Used for demonstrations, repairs.

DSP-61: Temporary export of unclassified defense articles. For items not returned. Used for emergency operations.

DSP-85: ITAR exemption. For items exempt from licensing per 22 CFR 126.

Export: Ship / transfer / release defense article to foreign person. Triggers licensing requirement.

Re-export: Export of US origin defense article from one foreign country to another. Also subject to ITAR.

Deemed export: Release of US defense technology to foreign national within US. Subject to ITAR (per EAR Part 734 for dual-use).

License application: Form DSP-5 + commercial invoice + purchase order + end-use statement + consignee certification.

Review time: 60-120 days typical. Expedited review available for emergency / humanitarian.

License fees: USD 250 per license application + USD 500-5000 per license (varies by commodity).

Validity: DSP-5 = 4 years (renewable). DSP-73 = up to 4 years (limited to temporary export).

Penalties: Civil penalty up to USD 500,000 per violation. Criminal up to USD 1M per violation + 10 years prison per violation. Voluntary disclosure may reduce penalty.

B2B recommendation: For defense cases requiring ITAR, request supplier ITAR registration + DSP license number + manufacturer code + DSP-5 or DSP-73 license for specific export.

EAR + De Minimis Rule (Dual-Use Items)

EAR (Export Administration Regulations) governs dual-use items. De minimis rule: US content < 25% w/w exempt from ITAR.

EAR: Export Administration Regulations. 15 CFR 730-774. Administered by BIS (Bureau of Industry and Security).

EAR scope: Dual-use items (commercial + military potential). EAR99 (not on CCL) or Commerce Control List (CCL).

CCL: Commerce Control List. 10 categories + 5 product groups. ECCN (Export Control Classification Number) format: xYzzz.

De minimis rule: If US origin controlled content < 25% w/w, foreign-made item may be exempt from ITAR / EAR controls. For certain countries < 10%.

Sensitive countries: Iran, North Korea, Syria, Cuba = 0% w/w de minimis (essentially no tolerance).

Country Group D:1 (national security): 10% de minimis for most US content. Some categories 0%.

Country Group D:5 (China): 25% de minimis reduced to 0% for many categories. Wide-spread controls.

ITAR vs EAR: ITAR = defense articles (USML). EAR = dual-use (CCL). Item on both lists = ITAR takes precedence.

Classification: First step for any export = determine ITAR vs EAR. ITAR = USML Category. EAR = ECCN or EAR99.

Self-classification: Allowed for EAR99. Required to submit classification request for CCL items (Commodity Classification Request).

B2B protection: For US defense cases with foreign content, calculate US content % w/w. If < 25%, may be exempt. If > 25%, ITAR license required.

B2B recommendation: For B2B protective cases, request supplier EAR/ITAR classification + US content percentage + de minimis calculation + ECCN or USML Category identification.

ITAR Compliance + B2B Procurement

ITAR compliance for B2B defense protective cases. 5-step procurement workflow + documentation + recordkeeping.

Step 1: Determine ITAR status. Item on USML? Yes -> ITAR applies. No -> EAR or unrestricted.

Step 2: Verify ITAR registration. Supplier + manufacturer ITAR-registered via DDTC database lookup.

Step 3: Classify defense article. USML Category I-XXI. Identify specific subparagraph.

Step 4: Apply for export license. Form DSP-5 (permanent) or DSP-73 (temporary) per end use + consignee.

Step 5: Maintain records. ITAR records retained 5 years after last activity per 22 CFR 122.5.

Recordkeeping requirements: (1) License application + approval. (2) Export documentation. (3) Consignee statements. (4) End-use verification. (5) DSP-73 return verification.

Voluntary Self-Disclosure: If ITAR violation discovered, self-disclose to DDTC within 60 days. Reduces penalty significantly.

Compliance program: Recommended for all ITAR registrants. Designate Empowered Official (EO) + compliance committee + training + audit.

B2B audit: Annual ITAR audit recommended. Review export documentation + license usage + DSP-73 returns.

Foreign person access: Foreign nationals visiting US facility require ITAR pre-screening + escort + technology control plan (TCP).

Cloud / SaaS: Defense articles in cloud must use US ITAR-compliant cloud (GovCloud + ITAR contract + access controls).

B2B recommendation: For B2B defense protective cases, request supplier ITAR registration + DSP license + manufacturer code + voluntary self-disclosure + recordkeeping. Annual audit recommended.

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