2026-09-21 · Équipe éditoriale KeXinMaterials
Caisse de Protection Transport Batterie Lithium UN 3091 : Guide de Conformité B2B 2026
Le transport de batteries au lithium est réglementé par UN 3091. Les caisses transportant des batteries au lithium doivent respecter UN 3091 + IATA DGR (air) + 49 CFR (route/rail US) + UL 1642 / 2054.
Aperçu de la classification UN 3091
UN 3091 is the UN number for "Lithium batteries contained in equipment" or "Lithium batteries packed with equipment". Regulated by UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN RTDG).
UN 3091 covers lithium batteries contained in or packed with equipment. Distinct from UN 3480 (lithium batteries alone) and UN 3481 (lithium batteries in equipment).
UN 3091 regulations: 49 CFR (US road/rail), IATA DGR (air), IMDG (sea), ADR (road EU), RID (rail EU), ADN (inland waterways EU).
Lithium types: lithium-ion (Li-ion, rechargeable) and lithium metal (Li-metal, non-rechargeable). Different regulations.
UN 3091 limits for air transport: lithium-ion <100 Wh per kg or <300 Wh per battery; lithium metal <2 g Li per battery. Above limits = Class 9 Dangerous Goods with full UN packaging requirements.
Règlement IATA sur les marchandises dangereuses (DGR)
IATA DGR (Dangerous Goods Regulations) is the global standard for air transport of dangerous goods including lithium batteries. Updated annually by IATA.
IATA DGR 65th Edition (2024): Section 4.2 (lithium batteries), Section II (PI 965-970) for Section II provisions (small battery exception).
Section II provisions (PI 965 / 966 / 967): small lithium battery exception. Requires: (a) Watt-hour rating <100 Wh (Li-ion) or lithium content <2 g (Li-metal). (b) Battery tested per UN 38.3. (c) Package marked "Lithium battery" or "Lithium ion battery". (d) Package weight <10 kg (most PI).
Section I provisions (PI 965-970): larger lithium batteries (Class 9). Requires UN specification packaging + marking + documentation.
Operator variations: Some airlines prohibit or restrict lithium batteries (cargo + passenger). Check with airline.
For protective cases carrying drones / electronics with batteries: PI 967 (lithium batteries in equipment) typically applies for small consumer / commercial drones.
49 CFR (DOT US) pour route + rail
49 CFR (Code of Federal Regulations Title 49) governs lithium battery transport by road and rail in the United States. Issued by PHMSA (Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration).
49 CFR 173.185 (Lithium cells and batteries): primary US regulation for lithium battery transport. Covers packaging + marking + documentation.
Exceptions for small lithium batteries: 49 CFR 173.185(c)(1) (consumer electronics) and 49 CFR 173.185(c)(4) (small battery exception). Similar to IATA Section II.
49 CFR 173.185(c)(4) small battery exception: Li-ion <30 Wh per battery OR <150 Wh aggregate. Li-metal <25 g lithium. May be transported without UN specification packaging if properly marked.
For drone cases with Li-ion battery (typically 50-100 Wh): 49 CFR 173.185(c)(4) exception applies. Mark "Lithium battery" on outer package. Use strong outer packaging (hard case).
State variations: California + New York + others have additional state-level lithium battery transport rules.
Normes de sécurité batterie (UL 1642 / 2054 + IEC 62133)
Lithium batteries themselves must meet safety standards. UL 1642 (Li-ion cells) + UL 2054 (Li-ion packs) for North America. IEC 62133 (cells + packs) for international.
UL 1642: Standard for Lithium Cells. Tests: short circuit, overcharge, forced discharge, crush, impact, shock, vibration, heating, temperature cycling. Required for North America.
UL 2054: Standard for Household and Commercial Batteries. Tests: same as UL 1642 + pack-level tests (enclosure, drop, drop impact, mold stress relief). Required for North America.
IEC 62133: International standard for secondary (rechargeable) cells and batteries. Tests: similar to UL 1642 / 2054. Required for international (EU / Asia / global).
UN 38.3: UN Manual of Tests and Criteria Section III. Required for ALL lithium battery transport. Tests: altitude simulation, thermal test, vibration, shock, external short circuit, impact, overcharge, forced discharge.
For B2B procurement: request UL 1642 / 2054 / IEC 62133 / UN 38.3 test reports per battery model. Verify battery certification.
Conception de caisse pour transport batterie lithium
Protective cases carrying lithium batteries must be designed for safety + regulatory compliance.
Case material: rigid PP or PP+GF for impact resistance. Must prevent accidental activation of battery during transport.
Battery retention: dedicated foam cavity for each battery. Battery must NOT move during transport. Custom CNC PU foam or pick-and-pluck PE foam.
Venting: cases should NOT be airtight (lithium batteries can vent gases under fault conditions). Vent plug or pressure relief valve recommended.
Internal short circuit prevention: battery terminals must NOT contact conductive materials. Plastic / foam only around terminals.
External labels: "Lithium battery" or "Lithium ion battery" + UN 3091 + handling labels. Per IATA DGR + 49 CFR.
Placards (Class 9): required for packages >30 kg gross weight or air cargo. Class 9 lithium battery diamond label.
Cas d'usage B2B
Different applications require different UN 3091 + case + battery combinations. Below is the 2026 B2B procurement recommendation.
Drone case (consumer / commercial): 1-5 drones + 1-5 batteries (50-100 Wh each). UN 3091 + 49 CFR small battery exception + IATA PI 967 + UN 38.3 battery testing.
EV charging equipment (OEM): larger battery packs (1-5 kWh). UN 3481 (battery in equipment) or UN 3480 (battery alone). UN specification packaging required.
Electronics (laptop / camera / professional audio): embedded batteries typically 50-100 Wh. UN 3091 + 49 CFR small battery exception.
Medical device (portable diagnostic, infusion pump): embedded batteries 50-200 Wh. UN 3091 + 49 CFR + IEC 62133 medical grade.
Military / tactical (field radio, equipment with battery): 100-500 Wh batteries. UN 3091 + MIL-STD + ITAR. Special documentation.
Spare batteries (replacement, separately packaged): UN 3091 + 49 CFR small battery exception (if within limits). Outer packaging mandatory.
Taille batterie + limites watt-heure
Watt-hour rating is critical for UN 3091 + IATA + 49 CFR compliance. Different limits apply.
Li-ion battery watt-hour: voltage (V) × capacity (Ah). E.g., 11.1V × 4.4Ah = 48.8 Wh.
IATA Section II limit: <100 Wh per Li-ion battery. Above 100 Wh = full Section I or Class 9 dangerous goods.
IATA Section II packaging limit: most PI 967 packages <10 kg gross weight.
49 CFR small battery exception: Li-ion <30 Wh per battery OR <150 Wh aggregate. Above = full Class 9 regulation.
Lithium metal limit (Li-metal, non-rechargeable): <2 g lithium content per battery. Above = Class 9 dangerous goods.
Multiple batteries in case: aggregate watt-hour may apply. Verify with carrier.
Documentation + tests
B2B procurement requires extensive documentation for lithium battery + case combination.
UN 38.3 battery test report: required for ALL lithium battery transport. Tests: altitude, thermal, vibration, shock, external short circuit, impact, overcharge, forced discharge. Cost USD 5,000-15,000 per battery model.
UL 1642 / 2054 or IEC 62133 battery safety test report: per battery model.
UN 3091 case certification: not always required for small battery exception. Required for Class 9 packages (>30 kg or >100 Wh per battery).
Case drop test: 1.2m drop test for battery-carrying case per IATA DGR + 49 CFR.
Stack test: case stacking pressure (typically 3m of stacked equivalent / 24-hour pressure test).
Vibration test: case vibration per UN RTDG.
Coût + délai + MOQ
Lithium battery case + battery + certification cost is higher than standard cases.
Stock drone case (drone + battery, 50-100 Wh): USD 50-200. Self-certification. Lead time 7-15 days.
Custom OEM drone case: USD 100-500. Custom foam + UN 3091 compliance + UN 38.3 verified battery. Lead time 30-60 days.
Battery alone (replacement Li-ion 50 Wh): USD 30-100 per battery (UL 1642 + IEC 62133 certified). Lead time 4-8 weeks.
UN 38.3 testing: USD 5,000-15,000 per battery model. Lead time 4-8 weeks. Required for transport.
UL 1642 / 2054 testing: USD 5,000-15,000 per battery model. Lead time 4-8 weeks.
IEC 62133 testing: USD 8,000-20,000 per battery model. Lead time 6-12 weeks.
Combined certification (UN 38.3 + UL 1642 + IEC 62133): USD 15,000-40,000 per battery model.
Points clés
- UN 3091 couvre Li-ion dans équipement ou emballé avec équipement
- IATA DGR Section II exception petite batterie : <100 Wh Li-ion ou <2 g Li-métal
- 49 CFR exception petite batterie : <30 Wh par batterie ou <150 Wh agrégé
- Sécurité batterie : UL 1642 / 2054 + IEC 62133 + UN 38.3 (obligatoire)
- Conception caisse : PP/PP+GF rigide + cavité batterie + ventilation + étiquette
FAQ
Qu'est-ce qu'UN 3091 ?
UN 3091 est le numéro UN pour « batteries au lithium contenues dans un équipement ».
Le test UN 38.3 est-il requis ?
Oui. UN 38.3 est obligatoire pour TOUT transport de batterie au lithium.
Quelle limite watt-heure pour batterie de drone ?
Batteries de drone consommateur / commercial typiquement 50-100 Wh.
UL 1642 est-il requis pour batterie de drone ?
Pour l'Amérique du Nord (US/Canada), UL 1642 + UL 2054 sont requis.
Puis-je expédier des batteries Li-ion par avion dans une caisse rigide ?
Oui, avec conformité appropriée.
Quelle est la différence entre UN 3091 et UN 3480 ?
UN 3091 : batteries au lithium dans équipement OU emballées avec équipement.
Combien de temps prend le test UN 38.3 ?
Le test UN 38.3 prend 4-8 semaines par modèle de batterie.