2026-09-21 · Équipe éditoriale KeXinMaterials
AIAG-VDA 2019 Manuel FMEA + Action Priority (AP) Deep Dive Mallette B2B Guide
AIAG-VDA 2019 Manuel FMEA "Failure Mode and Effects Analysis" est la publication conjointe d AIAG (US) + VDA (Allemagne). Remplace AIAG 4ème édition (2008) + VDA 4 (1998).
AIAG-VDA 2019 FMEA Process + Steps
AIAG-VDA 2019 FMEA process + 7 steps + planning + structure + function + failure + risk + optimization + documentation.
AIAG-VDA 2019 FMEA Handbook: "Failure Mode and Effects Analysis - FMEA Handbook". Joint publication of AIAG (Automotive Industry Action Group) + VDA (Verband der Automobilindustrie). First Edition 2019.
AIAG-VDA 2019 scope: DFMEA (Design FMEA) + PFMEA (Process FMEA) + FMEA-MSR (Monitoring and System Response). Applicable to OEM + tier 1/2/3 suppliers + service parts organizations.
AIAG-VDA 2019 vs previous editions: Replaces AIAG 4th Edition (2008) + VDA 4 (1998). Introduces Action Priority (AP) replacing Risk Priority Number (RPN). Adds FMEA-MSR. Restructures 7 steps.
AIAG-VDA 2019 7 steps: (1) Planning + preparation. (2) Structure analysis. (3) Function analysis. (4) Failure analysis. (5) Risk analysis. (6) Optimization. (7) Documentation. Each step has specific deliverables + tools + outputs.
Step 1 Planning + preparation: Define scope + boundaries + team + responsibilities + timeline + tools + DFMEA or PFMEA + FMEA-MSR as applicable. Output: FMEA project plan + DFMEA / PFMEA form template.
Step 2 Structure analysis: Block diagram + boundary diagram. Per AIAG-VDA 2019 § 5.1.2. Per VDA 4 system diagram. Component + sub-component + interface + boundary. Output: structure tree + boundary diagram.
Step 3 Function analysis: Function net + function tree. Per AIAG-VDA 2019 § 5.1.3. Per VDA 4 function net. Function + relationship + interaction + child function + parent function + interface function. Output: function net + function tree.
Step 4 Failure analysis: Failure chain + failure net + failure mode + failure cause + failure effect. Per AIAG-VDA 2019 § 5.1.4. Per VDA 4 failure chain. Per ISO 26262-5 (LP9) linked to ASIL. Output: failure chain + failure net.
Step 5 Risk analysis + AP: Per AIAG-VDA 2019 § 5.1.5. Per VDA 4 risk matrix. S + O + D + AP table. Output: AP + recommended action.
Step 6 Optimization: Recommended action + preventive action + risk reduction + control plan. Per AIAG-VDA 2019 § 5.1.6. Output: optimization plan + control plan update.
Step 7 Documentation + reporting: FMEA report + control plan + lessons learned + dissemination. Per AIAG-VDA 2019 § 5.1.7. Output: complete FMEA form + control plan + lessons learned.
B2B relevance: For B2B automotive cases, AIAG-VDA 2019 FMEA process + AP + DFMEA + PFMEA + FMEA-MSR is procurement requirement for IATF 16949 + OEM Customer-Specific Requirements (CSR) per VW + Toyota + GM + Ford + Stellantis + BMW + Mercedes + Hyundai.
Action Priority (AP) + Severity + Occurrence + Detection
Action Priority (AP) tables per AIAG-VDA 2019 + Severity S + Occurrence O + Detection D + AP calculation logic.
Action Priority (AP) per AIAG-VDA 2019 § 5.1.5: Qualitative replacement for RPN. AP = High (H) / Medium (M) / Low (L). Replaces RPN numerical score.
AP calculation logic: AP determined by S + O + D + AP matrix tables (different tables per product type + scenario).
AP determination per AIAG-VDA 2019 Table 5.1.5: Based on Severity + Occurrence + Detection combinations. AP H (must act) / AP M (consider acting) / AP L (no action required).
Severity (S) per AIAG-VDA 2019 Table 4.1: S1-S10. S1 = Negligible (no impact). S2 = Minor (minimal impact). S3-S5 = Moderate. S6-S8 = Major (significant impact). S9 = Death. S10 = Multiple deaths.
Occurrence (O) per AIAG-VDA 2019 Table 4.2: O1-O10. O1 = very unlikely (failure rate < 1 per 1M). O2-O5 = low. O6-O8 = medium. O9-O10 = high (failure rate > 10 per 1k).
Detection (D) per AIAG-VDA 2019 Table 4.3: D1-D10. D1 = very high (almost certain detection). D2-D5 = high. D6-D8 = medium. D9-D10 = low (almost no detection).
AP high (H) per AIAG-VDA 2019: Failure modes that should be eliminated or controlled to prevent unacceptable risk. Required action.
AP medium (M) per AIAG-VDA 2019: Failure modes that may warrant consideration. Per OEM CSR + company policy.
AP low (L) per AIAG-VDA 2019: Failure modes that typically do not require action. Documented in FMEA but not a priority.
RPN vs AP per AIAG-VDA 2019: RPN = S x O x D (numerical). AP = H/M/L (qualitative). AP removes ambiguity + inconsistency of RPN. Same S + O + D + AP for same failure mode across all stakeholders.
FMEA-MSR (Monitoring and System Response) per AIAG-VDA 2019 § 5.1.5.3: New concept. Monitoring (M) + System Response (SR). M = diagnostic coverage. SR = system response to fault. Combination of M + SR per failure mode.
Diagnostic coverage per AIAG-VDA 2019 Table 5.1.5.3: Per motor vehicle safety. Categories: very high / high / medium / low. Affects achievable AP.
System response per AIAG-VDA 2019 Table 5.1.5.3: Failure response + fault accommodation + fault recovery + driver notification + service mode + safe state. Affects ASIL classification per ISO 26262.
FMEA + AP + ISO 26262 integration: DFMEA + PFMEA + FMEA-MSR feeds ISO 26262 ASIL classification + ASIL decomposition + safety case.
FMEA + control plan per AIAG APQP 3rd Edition: PFMEA failure modes + effects + causes → control plan features + special characteristics + control methods + reaction plans. Bidirectional traceability required per IATF 16949:2016 § 8.3.3.3.
FMEA + PPAP per AIAG PPAP 4th Edition: FMEA is required element. PPAP Level 3 default includes DFMEA + PFMEA + Control Plan.
FMEA software tools: IQ-FMEA + Siemens Teamcenter FMEA + Visual FMEA + APIS + Excel template + manual FMEA sheet.
Common B2B mistakes: (1) Using AIAG 4th Edition instead of AIAG-VDA 2019. (2) Using RPN instead of AP. (3) Missing FMEA-MSR. (4) Missing failure chain + function net. (5) Missing control plan linkage. (6) Missing PFMEA-CP traceability per IATF 16949:2016 § 8.3.3.3.
B2B recommendation: For B2B automotive cases, require AIAG-VDA 2019 FMEA + AP + DFMEA + PFMEA + FMEA-MSR + control plan + PPAP + traceability + ISO 26262 link + software tool.
Points clés
- AIAG-VDA 2019 FMEA Handbook replaces AIAG 4th Edition + VDA 4 (1998). Introduces Action Priority (AP) replacing RPN. Adds FMEA-MSR.
- AIAG-VDA 2019 7 steps: Planning + Structure + Function + Failure + Risk + Optimization + Documentation.
- Action Priority (AP) per AIAG-VDA 2019 is qualitative (H/M/L) replacing RPN. Removes ambiguity + inconsistency. Based on S + O + D + AP tables.
- Severity (S1-S10) + Occurrence (O1-O10) + Detection (D1-D10) per AIAG-VDA 2019 Tables 4.1-4.3. FMEA-MSR adds Monitoring + System Response.
- FMEA + control plan + PPAP + APQP + MSA + SPC. Integrated automotive quality family per IATF 16949 + AIAG + VDA + CSR per OEM.
- B2B recommendation: For B2B automotive cases, require AIAG-VDA 2019 FMEA + AP + DFMEA + PFMEA + FMEA-MSR + control plan + PPAP + traceability + ISO 26262 link + software tool.
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